node/doc/api/globals.md

Global objects

These objects are available in all modules. The following variables may appear to be global but are not. They exist only in the scope of modules, see the module system documentation:

• __dirname
• __filename
• exports
• module
• require()

The objects listed here are specific to Node.js. There are built-in objects that are part of the JavaScript language itself, which are also globally accessible.

Class: AbortController

A utility class used to signal cancelation in selected Promise-based APIs. The API is based on the Web API AbortController.

const ac = new AbortController();

ac.signal.addEventListener('abort', () => console.log('Aborted!'),
                           { once: true });

ac.abort();

console.log(ac.signal.aborted);  // Prints True

abortController.abort([reason])

• reason {any} An optional reason, retrievable on the AbortSignal's reason property.

Triggers the abort signal, causing the abortController.signal to emit the 'abort' event.

abortController.signal

• Type: {AbortSignal}

Class: AbortSignal

• Extends: {EventTarget}

The AbortSignal is used to notify observers when the abortController.abort() method is called.

Static method: AbortSignal.abort([reason])

• reason: {any}
• Returns: {AbortSignal}

Returns a new already aborted AbortSignal.

Static method: AbortSignal.timeout(delay)

• delay {number} The number of milliseconds to wait before triggering the AbortSignal.

Returns a new AbortSignal which will be aborted in delay milliseconds.

Event: 'abort'

The 'abort' event is emitted when the abortController.abort() method is called. The callback is invoked with a single object argument with a single type property set to 'abort':

const ac = new AbortController();

// Use either the onabort property...
ac.signal.onabort = () => console.log('aborted!');

// Or the EventTarget API...
ac.signal.addEventListener('abort', (event) => {
  console.log(event.type);  // Prints 'abort'
}, { once: true });

ac.abort();

The AbortController with which the AbortSignal is associated will only ever trigger the 'abort' event once. We recommended that code check that the abortSignal.aborted attribute is false before adding an 'abort' event listener.

Any event listeners attached to the AbortSignal should use the { once: true } option (or, if using the EventEmitter APIs to attach a listener, use the once() method) to ensure that the event listener is removed as soon as the 'abort' event is handled. Failure to do so may result in memory leaks.

abortSignal.aborted

• Type: {boolean} True after the AbortController has been aborted.

abortSignal.onabort

• Type: {Function}

An optional callback function that may be set by user code to be notified when the abortController.abort() function has been called.

abortSignal.reason

• Type: {any}

An optional reason specified when the AbortSignal was triggered.

const ac = new AbortController();
ac.abort(new Error('boom!'));
console.log(ac.signal.reason);  // Error('boom!');

abortSignal.throwIfAborted()

If abortSignal.aborted is true, throws abortSignal.reason.

Class: Buffer

• {Function}

Used to handle binary data. See the buffer section.

__dirname

This variable may appear to be global but is not. See __dirname.

__filename

This variable may appear to be global but is not. See __filename.

atob(data)

Stability: 3 - Legacy. Use Buffer.from(data, 'base64') instead.

Global alias for buffer.atob().

btoa(data)

Stability: 3 - Legacy. Use buf.toString('base64') instead.

Global alias for buffer.btoa().

clearImmediate(immediateObject)

clearImmediate is described in the timers section.

clearInterval(intervalObject)

clearInterval is described in the timers section.

clearTimeout(timeoutObject)

clearTimeout is described in the timers section.

console

• {Object}

Used to print to stdout and stderr. See the console section.

Crypto

Stability: 1 - Experimental. Enable this API with the --experimental-global-webcrypto CLI flag.

A browser-compatible implementation of {Crypto}. This global is available only if the Node.js binary was compiled with including support for the node:crypto module.

crypto

Stability: 1 - Experimental. Enable this API with the --experimental-global-webcrypto CLI flag.

A browser-compatible implementation of the Web Crypto API.

CryptoKey

Stability: 1 - Experimental. Enable this API with the --experimental-global-webcrypto CLI flag.

A browser-compatible implementation of {CryptoKey}. This global is available only if the Node.js binary was compiled with including support for the node:crypto module.

CustomEvent

Stability: 1 - Experimental. Enable this API with the --experimental-global-customevent CLI flag.

A browser-compatible implementation of the CustomEvent Web API.

Event

A browser-compatible implementation of the Event class. See EventTarget and Event API for more details.

EventTarget

A browser-compatible implementation of the EventTarget class. See EventTarget and Event API for more details.

exports

This variable may appear to be global but is not. See exports.

fetch

Stability: 1 - Experimental. Enable this API with the --experimental-fetch CLI flag.

A browser-compatible implementation of the fetch() function.

Class FormData

Stability: 1 - Experimental. Enable this API with the --experimental-fetch CLI flag.

A browser-compatible implementation of {FormData}.

global

• {Object} The global namespace object.

In browsers, the top-level scope is the global scope. This means that within the browser var something will define a new global variable. In Node.js this is different. The top-level scope is not the global scope; var something inside a Node.js module will be local to that module.

Class Headers

Stability: 1 - Experimental. Enable this API with the --experimental-fetch CLI flag.

A browser-compatible implementation of {Headers}.

MessageChannel

The MessageChannel class. See MessageChannel for more details.

MessageEvent

The MessageEvent class. See MessageEvent for more details.

MessagePort

The MessagePort class. See MessagePort for more details.

module

This variable may appear to be global but is not. See module.

performance

The perf_hooks.performance object.

process

• {Object}

The process object. See the process object section.

queueMicrotask(callback)

• callback {Function} Function to be queued.

The queueMicrotask() method queues a microtask to invoke callback. If callback throws an exception, the process object 'uncaughtException' event will be emitted.

The microtask queue is managed by V8 and may be used in a similar manner to the process.nextTick() queue, which is managed by Node.js. The process.nextTick() queue is always processed before the microtask queue within each turn of the Node.js event loop.

// Here, `queueMicrotask()` is used to ensure the 'load' event is always
// emitted asynchronously, and therefore consistently. Using
// `process.nextTick()` here would result in the 'load' event always emitting
// before any other promise jobs.

DataHandler.prototype.load = async function load(key) {
  const hit = this._cache.get(key);
  if (hit !== undefined) {
    queueMicrotask(() => {
      this.emit('load', hit);
    });
    return;
  }

  const data = await fetchData(key);
  this._cache.set(key, data);
  this.emit('load', data);
};

require()

This variable may appear to be global but is not. See require().

Response

Stability: 1 - Experimental. Enable this API with the --experimental-fetch CLI flag.

A browser-compatible implementation of {Response}.

Request

Stability: 1 - Experimental. Enable this API with the --experimental-fetch CLI flag.

A browser-compatible implementation of {Request}.

setImmediate(callback[, ...args])

setImmediate is described in the timers section.

setInterval(callback, delay[, ...args])

setInterval is described in the timers section.

setTimeout(callback, delay[, ...args])

setTimeout is described in the timers section.

SubtleCrypto

Stability: 1 - Experimental. Enable this API with the --experimental-global-webcrypto CLI flag.

A browser-compatible implementation of {SubtleCrypto}. This global is available only if the Node.js binary was compiled with including support for the node:crypto module.

TextDecoder

The WHATWG TextDecoder class. See the TextDecoder section.

TextEncoder

The WHATWG TextEncoder class. See the TextEncoder section.

URL

The WHATWG URL class. See the URL section.

URLSearchParams

The WHATWG URLSearchParams class. See the URLSearchParams section.

WebAssembly

• {Object}

The object that acts as the namespace for all W3C WebAssembly related functionality. See the Mozilla Developer Network for usage and compatibility.